BAUHAUS
The
Bauhaus, literally meaning construction house, was one of the most influential
modernist art school of the 20th century. The way of teaching and
understanding the art’s relationship to society and technology had a major
impact both in Europe and the United States long after it closed. It was shaped
by the 19th and 20th century trends like the arts and
crafts movement.
The school is also
appraised for its faculty, which included artists Wassily
Kandinsky, Josef Albers, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Paul Klee and Johannes
Itten, architects Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe,
and designer Marcel Breuer.
The motivations
behind creating the Bauhaus started in the 19th century when they started
worrying about the soullessness of manufacturing and its products, and were
afraid that art has lost its purpose in society. Creativity and manufacturing
weren’t on the same level anymore and Bauhaus wanted to bring them together
once again.
BAUHAUS
BUILDING
Dessau, Germany
1919-1925
Artist: Walter
Gropius
Gropius’s complex for
the Bauhaus at Dessau has come to be seen as a landmark in modern,
functionalist design. Even though the structure seems strongly unified from above,
each element is clearly divided from the other.
The building consists
of an asphalt tiled roof, steel framework, and reinforced concrete bricks to
reduce noise and protect against the weather.
In addition, a glass
curtain wall, a feature that is really comment in modernist architecture, lets
in a range of light. Gropius created three wings that were arranged
asymmetrically to connect different workshops and dormitories within the
school. The asymmetry expressed the school's functionalist approach and showed
how practicality and beauty can be combined.
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